Gay movement and leftist politics

 First, the 70's as the women's movement, gay movement
, as is also the first gay rights movement developed in the United States, and then broadcast their thoughts to the world, mainly in Europe. Gay movement broke out in 1969 Stonewall rebellion in New York event At that time the police tried to raid a gay bar, gay spurs riots, riots lasted three days. Shortly afterwards, Gay Liberation Front in the U.S. cities have been established, its name with the Viet Cong against U.S. imperialism, the National Liberation Front exactly the same. early gay liberation activists broader look at myself as part of the revolutionary movement, from women's liberation movement and the black power movement in the draw spiritual strength. They Panther Unifying organizational issues and seek their homosexuality rights. official recognition. In 1970, Black Panther leader Newton (Huey Newton) publicly announced his alliance with the gay movement, he declared, The most oppressed people in society. The whole atmosphere is against capitalism, but socialism is only a few ingredients, in fact, in which socialism had little impact. Here, the Stalinist political should be held largely responsible. Stalinists not only did not welcome the new The emergence of gay revolutionary class, but the nature of homosexuality condemned as After the revolution, homosexuality should be dead. While some independent socialists and Trotsky molecules actually involved in the gay liberation movement, but in the understanding of sexual oppression and the struggle against sexual oppression in the form, there is always the socialist great trust and who does not negate the tendency of Marxism. Gay Left collective in the UK entitled said: characterized by the end of the political excitement of political development, so the class analysis itself can easily be placed in the corner of the political closet, people are the foundation and superstructure for the social model will gradually be re-considered. gay liberation movement, especially in the United States, not as radical feminist theory that emphasizes the development. However, these two sports were all rejected class politics, thus leading to an initial emphasis on the political way of life. Therefore, Wate Ni in the same article made the following conclusion: 'and' lifestyle elements', which is Gay Liberation Front in the history and theory, in its 1971 Declaration, can be very clear. within the gay movement, and led the movement split. start from the gay lesbian movement, the reasons put forward with their radical feminist from the New Left is the same reason. As Feilan (Shane Phelan) in the Lesbian Feminism and the limitations of the community, appendages on the Idea, the organization's housekeeper, secretary and sexual partners. As a woman there will be any special problem. It is said that a male leader once said: . change the backward thinking is possible. However, lesbian groups also did not wait to see if there may be successfully challenged in sex within the Movement ideology, it has been split out. a Canadian lesbian at the time of the conclusion very representative, she said: and 'men' separated things - their sexual orientation - right. the importance of the issue did not have. This difference already appeared. In 1970, feminist lesbian homes Thunder (Martha Shelley) published a booklet, which contains: offensive, they said they do not care who and who sleep problems, get out of bed to do after that is important. This is a long time trying to get healthy homosexuals can understand the problem. liberals came too late for that. because Although I may have done in the bed with me in bed doing nothing, but my sense of being branded a branded, was gay soaked. a long time, my body has been marked for me the name of the brand of you. Joint Council of Women in 1970 was put forward, this group claims to be few years, reached its logical conclusion at the end, that female homosexuality is the only real resistance by patriarchal. lesbian writer Brown (Rita Mae Brown) in 1975 published an article that raised the question: you find that you can not love another woman, including physical love, then how can you say what you really care about women's liberation? confused, can not put a woman on the front, they betrayed their own self. If your sister is still there with the oppressed sex, you can not launch a powerful movement. went to extremes of feminist politics, which led the United States from 1972 to 1974 a series of women's liberation movement between the lesbian separatist actions. Thus, compared to gay organizations, lesbian separatism in the tissue to be much clearer. However, this expression is raised in the campaign resonated with the political. in those strong gay political activists emerged a tendency, that is, to accept the request of the separatist movement and the general's , for example words, the British gay group left in 1974 to establish a pure male group, since it accepted the gay and lesbian in between the led to the lesbian and gay liberation front split. for the : hh either ignored or in small groups in large-scale gatherings, there is the right authority, hierarchy and hh refused to participate in the formal structure of consciousness-raising groups, activities and participation in sports in a variety of activities, is to build confidence and mutual support for important steps. so that they become more genuine feminist. published in 1971, said in a statement the British Gay Liberation Front, because the existence of homosexuality In the same year, the organization has produced a leaflet, leaflets, said: must do 'bad queer', to them, we must maximize the use of male feminization, dresser, etc. The most 'aggressive' way. we must do in the gay world, inhabited by 'strange people'. Our existence must inspire the community questioned. Further differentiation of different groups. differentiation gay dresser and to blame for the Or we can say the growing concern about personal liberation. coming out action gay liberation movement has always been an important feature, but is still suffering from homophobia in a community awareness of gay pride in the development of pre-conditions. However, the movement low tide, coming out is coming out, is no longer a mass movement launched by way of fighting. In addition, it is important to understand that as long as capitalism remains, for many gays and lesbians coming out, it is not possible. Most homosexuals are forced to stay in the closet to save their work, or they are married, or they can not break away from family and community. to coming out and coming out of the act, would be merely a small number of gay men and lesbians in the human behavior, most of them middle-class human.
even the meaningless. a person and others can be completely the case of any relationship with advocates put it, .
the 80's and 70's, women's and gay movement and the downsizing of other leftist movements in the political turn to the right. As the movement of the recession, the discussion of left-wing ideology has gradually struggle with all the role of the actual irrelevant. In this context, post-modernism flourished, especially in the United States, the former Marxist find that they can reveal errors in the class struggle, new ways to build their academic career. one another Department of theoretical work in a more abstract level is a lot of production out. It is in this atmosphere, emphasis on language and ideology, postmodernism has found a large audience - the first such an audience from 60 who's retired social movements. For example, in 1972, gay socialists, such a modern concept of homosexuality hh conditions to do more thinking, rather than trying to use the 'capitalism' on the 'sex' of oppression to explain the problem, just like what is between the two like a simple correspondence between hh for the 'essentialist' view negative, will be reversed to the following challenge to the orthodox model, that the nuclear family as a general compression and the special oppression of homosexuality only place. In the article, Local existence. period of recession and depression. We do not guarantee an objective and impartial, the working class is the recognition of the capitalist injustice and inequality in American life reasons. America's recent history clearly shows that the working class, it lacks the organizational and political capacity to effectively to fundamentally change the social struggle. will create a climate of extreme moralism, resulting in the emphasis on lifestyle. writer, director Haynes (ToddHaynes) recently in a liberal magazine rather queer subjectivity did not get the affirmation of the Hollywood ceremony. We at best be described as 'ordinary people', like all the same as heterosexuals. problems inherent in identity politics for the best display. queer activists can do the country's best course of action is to release millions of today's American society, gay men and lesbians feel is very real anger. For example, in 1991 In September, California Governor Wilson succumbed to pressure from the business community to reject an equal bill, the bill's purpose is the employment discrimination provisions of homosexuals will be illegal. the governor vetoed the bill, the queer country activists angry at gay men and lesbians in San Francisco downtown riot instigators played a role. In 1991, queer activists also participated in the National Organization of cookies sit poke food industry chain Picketing activities, actions cause is, this chain based in the South against the Among the United States to launch a wide gays and lesbians, organized demonstrations against the assault gay activities. Queer nations have neither the support of the Democratic candidate, do not support the Republican candidate, and strengthen the image of his radicalism. These factors led many leftists believe that queer country represents the future of gay liberation. , followed by the manufacturing events. It is sometimes personal action, sometimes political action, in general, it is based on a culture based on gender identity and create community. become an obstacle to a lasting movement. form groups around identity politics, this situation has developed rapidly in a very short period of time, followed quickly reduced to a small When first established in early 1992 a few months, claims to have 1,500 members, reduced after one year to the original size of a small part. Queer purpose of a short history followed the same pattern. eventually lead to 70 women and gay liberation movement's disintegration of all the problems in the country in casein are magnified children: emphasis on autonomy, rather than emphasizing the joint with the other sports; only I correct moralistic atmosphere; personal and lifestyle issues for over-emphasized. queer country has not large-scale development, but gradually reduced over time until it disappeared.
queer country was established in March 1990, its creator is a New York gay and lesbian activists against AIDS groups, their main interest lies in the gay rights movement a domination or coercion or small groups of other members of the group. In an interview in late 1990, the two founders of queer country asked why they chose themselves called gay expletive. One of them said: Now we can build up in the next term, so that our oppressors are confused. It makes us feel more powerful.
this statement reflects a belief that the use of a in the use of some correct elements - to their circumstances, it is impossible to make meaningful words . It expressed the movement's optimism, hope homosexuality in society with dignity and respect. In each of these social movements, activists who are fighting for social equality - a goal reflected in their request .
if present on the disrespectful use of the word queer shows any problems, it is that in today's gay activists with those established after the Stonewall riots Gay Liberation Front exists between people of how much political distance. The situation called that a step forward, even those who have accepted the the use, on behalf of the failure of mood and depression, hope to gay movement confined to a , and it was not only the language of the oppressive re-defined. queer country created the title of the Declaration is: in one month with a same sex walking hand in hand publicly. they do, you can hear the anger they have to say about queer words. Otherwise, let them shut up and listen to others how to say. 70 bit movement veterans, explained why this view is disastrous: only concerned with 'queer', racism, sexual oppression and economic exploitation are all ranked teams hh not on a long-term joint alliance to challenge the system and ultimately prepare for revolutionary change, is not in that queer activists hh my heart in 1990 in This political principle, that we will soon publish such a statement: 'I'm white', including the European-American white queer. large-scale demonstrations of anger. Most of the activities of the country limited to queer relatively small-scale performances activists, who tend to eat just let pass by surprise, or just create one o'clock openness. For example, there is an early activities, called Liberation Front had put forward a request to require gay activists as the most > published ; the National Lesbian and Gay Action power very strong vote in favor of homosexuality. Two of them have already appeared. hh other people hurt us, but yet gain from the progress of homosexuality among the benefits, such as to soak our bar, purchase gay literature, They measure to protect our privacy benefit. We know who they are hh , what to do. on people who do not show up the action from the appearance of people This view has not only failed to understand that a lot of gay sexuality can not open their own system of nature, but to make the opposite assumption: appearance is to change the dominant society, the only way the concept.
identity politics behind the assumption that only those who experience the oppression of the people can we define it, to post on how to view the struggle against it. the hypothesis that not only can not lead to unity, but often lead to painful splitting gay men and lesbians, which species often occur in the same organization to split into. For example, some gay men and lesbians believe that bisexuals are not really oppressed, because they enjoy the but that they were groups through the and eventually split the organization.
in San Francisco, disputes continued throughout the short history of queer country segment is very typical. When Queer country was founded in 1990, beginning when the largest number of weekly meetings when the participants to 350 people. The group did not set in accordance with the principles of a number of voluntary self-government group, with lesbian groups, have bisexual groups, there are racial oppression group. each meeting are to send two members of the group as observers ) membership before the show kissing. In - because there was a heated debate, the debate is the central issue: whether the organization should be prohibited within the racism, sexism, anti-Semitism and homophobia by the argument of this provision being included in the Programme of the Organization . At the meeting, one member described it as members made the following conclusion: gay organization. However, after the demonstration, a group calling itself Homosexuality and Society and that thinking is more destructive power of the vicious attacks. does not belong to the left. As Smith pointed out: Politics is just